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Arboriculture Glossary of Terms
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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| horizontal boring |
boring, with special machinery, below the surface of the ground without an open trench. Alternative for installation of underground utilities that avoids cutting of tree roots or damage to hardscape or existing utilities. Contrast with radial trenching, trenching, and tunneling.
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| hormone |
see plant hormone.
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| horticultural oils |
highly refined petroleum oils that may be applied to plants to smother certain insects and other pests by disrupting their respiration.
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| horticulture |
art and science of growing, handling, and processing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants.
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| host |
living organism from which a parasite obtains nutrition.
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| HSE |
in the United Kingdom, the Health and Safety Executive, which is the government agency that deals with health and safety in the workplace.
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| Humboldt notch |
felling notch that is horizontal on the top and angled on the bottom. Also called Humboldt scarf or reverse scarf. Contrast with conventional notch and open-face notch.
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| humus |
dark-colored, stable form of organic matter that remains after most of plant or animal residues have decomposed.
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| identification key |
diagnostic aid to help identify plants and other organisms.
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| implant |
device, capsule, or pellet inserted into the tree
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| in-ground fabric-bag grown |
trees and shrubs field grown in fabric bags, commonly called grow bags. Contrast with balled and burlapped, bare root, container grown, and containerized.
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| included bark |
bark that becomes embedded in a crotch (union) between branch and trunk or between codominant stems. Causes a weak structure.
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| increment borer |
device used to take core samples from trees to determine age or detect problems, such as decay.
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| indeterminate growth |
continued growth due to continuing activity of the apical and lateral meristems. Contrast with determinate growth.
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| indirect contact |
exposure to electrical current by touching any electrical conductor that is in contact with an energized conductor.
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| infectious |
capable of being spread to plants from other plants or organisms.
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| infiltration |
(1) downward entry of water into the soil. Contrast with percolation. (2) entry of fine particles into drainage or aeration systems; can lead to system clogging and failure. (3) downward entry of materials from one soil or fill layer to another, as when a gravel road surface mixes with underlying soil.
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| infiltration rate |
speed at which water penetrates the soil.
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| inoculum |
part of a pathogen that enters the host and can cause disease.
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| input force |
force applied initially to a system.
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